Class XII - Bio-Zoology (English Medium) - Tamil Nadu State Board Reduced Syllabus - 2021-22

 

                                SYLLABUS- 2021 – 2022

       STANDARD: 12               SUBJECT: BIO-ZOOLOGY

 

UNITS	CONTENT
1 Reproduction in Organisms	Introduction 1.1.    Mode of Reproduction 1.3     Sexual reproduction
2 Human Reproduction	Introduction 2.1.       Human Reproductive system 2.2.       Gametogenesis 2.4.    Fertilization and Implantation 2.5     Maintenance of pregnancy and Embryonic development
3 Reproductive Health	Introduction 3.1.       Need for reproductive Health problems and strategies 3.2.       Amniocentesis and its statutory Ban 3.3.       Social impact of sex ratio - female foeticide and infanticide 3.4.       Population explosion and Birth control 3.8.       Assisted Reproductive Technology(ART) 3.9.       Detection of foetal disorders during early Pregnancy
4 Principles of Inheritance and Variation	Introduction 4.1.       Multiple alleles 4.2.       Human blood groups 4.2.1   ABO blood types 4.3.       Genetic control of Rh factor 4.3.1   Incompatibility of Rh Factor – Erythroblastosis foetalis 4.4.       Sex determination 4.4.1   Dosage compensation – Barr body 4.5.       Sex linked inheritance 4.5.1   Inheritance of X-linked genes 4.5.2   Inheritance of Y-linked genes 4.6.       Karyotyping 4.7.       Pedigree analysis

5 Molecular Genetics	Introduction 5.1.          Gene as the functional unit of Inheritance 5.2.          In search of Genetic material 5.3.          DNA is the Genetic Material 5.3.1       Hershey and Chase experiment on T2 bacteriophage 5.5.      RNA - World 5.6         Properties of genetic Material 5.7.      Packaging of DNA helix 5.9.          Transcription 5.9.1       Transcription unit and gene 5.9.2       Process of transcription 5.10.       Genetic Code 5.10.1    Mutation and genetic code 5.12.       Translation 5.12.1    Mechanism of Translation 5.13      Regulation of gene Expression 5.14.       Human genome project 5.14.1    Goals and methodologies of Human Genome Project 5.14.2    Salient features of Human Genome Project 5.14.3    Application and future challenges 5.15.       DNA finger printing Technique
6 Evolution	Introduction 6.1     Origin of life               6.2.       Geological Time Scale 6.3.       Biological evolution 6.5.       Theories of biological evolution 6.5.1   Lamarck’s theory 6.5.2   Darwin’s theory of Natural selection 6.5.3   Mutation theory 6.5.4   Modern synthetic theory 6.5.5   Evolution by anthropogenic sources 6.5.6   Adaptive Radiation 6.7.    Hardy- Weinberg Principle
7 Human Health and Diseases	Introduction 7.1        Common diseases in Human beings 7.1.1    Bacterial and viral diseases 7.1.2    Protozoan diseases 7.1.3    Fungal diseases 7.1.4    Helminthic diseases

	7.2           Maintenance of Personal and Public Hygiene 7.3           Basic concepts of Immunology 7.3.1      Innate Immunity 7.3.2      Acquired Immunity 7.3.3      Immune responses 7.3.4      Lymphoid organs 7.3.5      Antigens 7.3.6      Antibodies 7.3.7      Antigen – Antibody interaction 7.3.8      Vaccines 7.3.9      Vaccination and immunization 7.3.10   Hypersensitivity 7.6           Adolescence – Drug and Alcohol abuse 7.6.1      Addiction and dependence 7.6.2      Effects of drugs and alcohol 7.6.3      Prevention and control 7.7.      Mental health and Depression
8 Microbes in Human Welfare	Introduction                 8.2        Microbes in industrial products                 8.2.1   Antibiotic production                 8.2.2   Fermented beverages 8.2.3   Chemicals, enzymes and other bioactive molecules                8.3        Microbes in sewage treatment                 8.3.1   Microbial fuel cell (MFC)                 8.5        Bioremediation                 8.5.1   Microorganisms involved in bioremediation
9 Applications of Biotechnology	Introduction                 9.1.       Applications in medicine                 9.1.1   Recombinant Human Insulin                 9.1.2   Human alpha lactalbumin                 9.1.3   Interferons 9.2.       Gene therapy 9.3.       Stem cell therapy 9.4.       Molecular Diagnostics
11 Organisms and Populations	Introduction 10.1    Organisms and its environment 10.3. Major Abiotic components or factors 10.7     Populations 10.8     Population Attributes 10.12 Population Interaction

11 Biodiversity and Its Conservation

Introduction 11.1        Biodiversity 11.1.1   Concept of biodiversity 11.1.2   Levels of biodiversity 11.1.3   Magnitude of biodiversity 11.1.4   Patterns of biodiversity - distribution 11.2        Importance of Biodiversity -Global and India 11.5        Causes of biodiversity loss 11.5.1   Loss of biodiversity 11.5.2   Hotspots 11.5.3   Endangered organisms 11.5.4   Extinction 11.7        Biodiversity and its Conservation 11.7.1   In-situ Conversation (conversation in natural habitat) 11.7.2   Ex-situ Conversation

12 Environmental Issues

Introduction 12.1          Pollution 12.1.1     Classifications of Pollutants 12.6.        Bio Magnification 12.7.        Eutrophication 12.7.1     Integrated Wastewater Management 12.8.        Organic farming and its Implementation 12.9          Solid Waste Management 12.9.1     Waste management practices 12.9.2     Radioactive waste 12.9.3     Medical waste 12.9.4     E-Waste 12.9.5     Plastic Waste – Solutions and Remedies 12.10.    Ecosan Toilets

PRACTICALS

 

   STD: 12                                     SUBJECT : BIO-ZOOLOGY

 

Sl.No	Topic
1	Marking of wild life sanctuary and National parks in India Map
2	Human Mendelian traits
3	Human Sperm
4	Human Ovum
5	Paramecium Conjugation
6	Entamoebahistolytica
7	Thymus T.S
8	Lymph node
9	tRNA
10	Homologous organs
11	Analogous organs
12	X linked Disease
13	Autosomal Disease