Class XI - Bio-Botany (English Medium) -Tamil Nadu State Board Reduced Syllabus - 2021-22

 SYLLABUS 2021–2022

STANDARD: 11                           SUBJECT: BIO-BOTANY (THEORY)

 

CHAPTER	CONTENT
1. Living world	1.2.6       Bacteriophage 1.2. 7     Multiplication or Lifecycle of Phages 1.3         Classification of Living world 1.3.3       Five kingdom of classification                     1.4.4          Gram staining procedure                     1.4.5          Life processes in Bacteria                     1.4.6          Reproduction in Bacteria                     1.4.8.        Archaebacteria                     1.4.9.        Cyanobacteria (Blue Green Algae)                     1.4.10.     Mycoplasma or Mollicutes                     1.4.11.     Actinomycetes 1.5.2       General characteristic features 1.5.4       Classification of fungi 1.5.6          Mycorrhizae 1.5.7          Lichen
2. Plant Kingdom	2.2          Lifecycle patterns in plants 2.3.1          General characteristic features of algae 2.3.2          Classification of algae 2.4.1       General characteristic features of bryophytes 2.5.1       General characteristic features of Pteridophytes 2.5.3       Types of Stele 2.6.1          General characteristic features of Gymnosperm 2.6.2          Comparison of Gymnosperm with Angiosperm
3. Vegetative Morphology	3. 5        Root system 3.5.1          Types of Root system 3.5.2          Functions of root 3.5.3          Modification of roots – Tap root Modification

	3. 6        Shoot system 3.6.3       Modification of stem 3.7         Leaf 3.7.3       Phyllotaxy 3.7. 5     Leaf types 3.7. 6     Leaf modification 3.7. 7     Leaf duration
4. Reproductive Morphology	4. 1        Inflorescence 4.1.1          Types of inflorescence 4.1.2          Based on branching pattern and other character 4. 2        Flower 4.2.1          Whorls of flower 4.2.2          Flower sex 4.2.3          Plant sex 4. 4        Androecium 4.4.1       Fusion of stamens 4. 5        Gynoecium 4.5.1       Number of carpels 4.5.5       Ovary position 4. 6        Construction of floral diagram and Formula
5. Taxonomy and Systematic Botany	5.1               Taxonomy and systematics 5.2               Taxonomic Hierarchy 5.3               Concept of species - Morphological, Biological and Phylogenetic 5.4               International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) 5.5               Taxonomic Aids 5.10            Types of Classification 5.10.1       Artificial system of classification 5.10.2       Natural system of classification 5.10.3       Phylogenetic system of classification

5.10.4     Angiosperm phylogeny group classification(APG)                     5.11            Modern Trends in Taxonomy                     5.11.1       Chemotaxonomy                     5.11.2       Biosystematics                    5.11.3       Karyotaxonomy                     5.11.4       Serotaxonomy                     5.11.5       Molecular taxonomy                     5.11.6       DNA Barcoding                     5.12            Cladistics                     5.13            Selected families of Angiosperms                     5.13.1       Fabaceae                     5.13.2       Solanaceae                     5.13.3       Liliaceae

6. Cell: The Unit of Life

6. 2        Microscopy                     6.2.1          Bright field microscope                     6.2.2          Electron Microscope 6. 3        Cell theory                     6.3.1          Exception to cell theory                     6.3.2          Protoplasm theory                     6.3.3          Cell sizes and shapes 6. 5        Plant and Animal cell                     6.5.1          Ultrastructure of an Eukaryotic cell                     6.5.2          Protoplasm                     6.5.3          Cellwall                     6.5.4          Cell membrane 6. 7        Nucleus 6.7.1       Chromosome 6. 8        Flagella                     6.8.1          Prokaryotic flagellum                     6.8.2          Eukaryotic flagellum                     6.8.3          Cilia

7. Cell Cycle

7. 2        Cell cycle                     7.2.1          Duration of cell cycle                     7.2.2          Interphase                     7.2.3          G1 phase                     7.2.4          G0 phase                     7.2.5          S phase                     7.2.6          G2 - The second gap phase 7. 3        Cell division                     7.3.1          Amitosis (Direct Cell Division)                     7.3.2          Mitosis                     7.3.3          Closed and Open Mitosis                     7.3.4          Cytokinesis 7.3. 6     Meiosis

8. Biomolecules

8. 3        Carbohydrates and Classification                     8.3.1          Monosaccharides                     8.3.2          Disaccharides                     8.3.3          Polysaccharides                     8.3.4          Starch                     8.3.5          Test for starch                     8.3.6          Cellulose                     8.3.7          Chitin                     8.3.8          Test for reducing sugar 8. 5        Proteins                     8.5.1          Classification of Aminoacids                     8.5.2          Structure of protein                     8.5.3          Protein Denaturation                     8.5.4          Protein binding                     8.5.5          Test for proteins 8. 6        Enzymes                     8.6.1          Properties of enzyme                     8.6.2          Lock and Key mechanism of enzyme                     8.6.3          Enzyme cofactors                     8.6.4          Classification of enzymes                     8.6.5          Uses of enzymes 8. 7        Nucleic acids 8.7.1          Formation of Dinucleotide ad Polynucleotide                     8.7.2          Structure of DNA                     8.7.3          Features of DNA                     8.7.4          Ribonucleic acid (RNA)                     8.7.5          Types of RNA

9. Tissue and Tissue system	9. 1        Meristematic Tissue and Theories of Meristem 9. 3        Tissue System 9. 4        Epidermal Tissue system 9. 6        Vascular Tissue system
10. Secondary growth	10.1        Secondary growth in Dicot Stem
11. Transport in Plants	11. 3      Plant water relation                     11.3.1       Imbibition                     11.3.2       Water potential                     11.3.3       Osmotic pressure and osmotic potential                     11.3.4       Turgor pressure and wall pressure                     11.3.5       Diffusion pressure deficit (DPD)                     11.3.6       Osmosis 11. 5      Ascent of sap                     11.5.1       The path of ascent of sap                     11.5.2       Vital force theories                     11.5.3       Root pressure theory                     11.5.4       Physical force theory 11. 6      Transpiration                     11.6.1       Types of transpiration                     11.6.2       Structure of stomata                     11.6.3       Mechanism of stomatal transpiration                     11.6.4       Factor affecting rate of transpiration                     11.6.5       Plant Antitranspirants                     11.6.6       Guttation                     11.6.7       Measurement of transpiration                     11.6.8       Significance of transpiration 11. 7      Translocation of organic sloutes                     11.7.1       Path of translocation                     11.7.2       Ringing or girdling experiment                     11.7.3       Direction of translocation                     11.7.4       Source and sink                     11.7.5       Phloem loading                     11.7.6       Phloem unloading                     11.7.7       Mechanism of translocation 11. 8      Mineral absorption                     11.8.1       Passive absorption                     11.8.2       Active absorption                     11.8.3       Donnan equilibrium

12. Mineral Nutrition

12. 1      Classification of Minerals 12.1.1       Classification of minerals based on their quantity requirements 12.1.2       Classification of minerals based on mobility 12.1.3       Classification of minerals based on their functions 12.2        Functions, mode of absorption and deficiency symptoms of macronutrients 12. 3      Functions, mode of absorption and deficiency symptoms of micronutrients 12. 5      Critical concentration and toxicity of minerals                    12.5.1       Critical concentration                     12.5.2       Mineral toxicity 12.7            Nitrogen fixation 12.7.1       Non-Biological fixation 12.7.2       Biological nitrogen fixation 12.8            Nitrogen Cycle and Nitrogen Metabolism 12.8.1       Nitrogen cycle 12.8.2       Nitrogen Metabolism Ammonium Assimilation

13. Photosynthesis

13.2            Photosynthetic pigments 13.2.1       Chlorophyll 13.2.2       Carotenoids 13.2.3       Phycobilins 13.4.          Photosynthetic Unit (Quantasome) 13.5.          Absorption spectrum and Action spectrum 13.5.1       Absorption spectrum 13.5.2       Action spectrum 13.6.          Emerson’s Experiments and Hill’s Reaction 13.6.1       Red drop or Emerson’s First Effect 13.6.2       Emerson’s enhancement effect 13.6.3       Hill’s Reaction 13.7.          Modern concepts of photosysthesis 13.8.          Photo-Oxidation phase of light Reaction 13.8.1       Photosystem and Reaction centre 13.9.          Photo chemical phase of light reaction 13.9.1       Photolysis of water 13.9.2       Electron Transport chain of Chloroplast

	13.10.       Photophosphorylation                     13.10.1   Cyclic photophosphorylation                     13.10.2   Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation                     13.10.3   Bio energetics of light reaction                     13.10.4   Chemiosmotic theory 13.11      Dark Reaction or C3 cycle                     13.12.       Hatch & Slack pathway or C4 cycle                     13.12.1   Stage:I Mesophyll cells                     13.12.2   Stage:II Bundle sheath cells                     13.12.3   Significance of C4 cycle                     13.13.       CAM Cycle                     13.14.       Photorespiration or C2 Cycle                     13.14.1   Significance of Photorespiration
14. Respiration	14. 1	Gaseous exchange
	14.1.1	Respiration
	14.1.2	Compensation point
	14. 5	Stages of Respiration
	14.5.1	Glycolysis
	14.5.2	Pyruvate Oxidation
	14.5.3	Kreb’s cycle
	14.5.4	Electron Transport Chain
	14. 7	Anaerobic Respiration
	14.7.1	Fermentation
	14. 9	Pentose phosphate pathway
15. Plant growth and	15. 2	Plant Growth Regulators
development	15.2.1	Auxins
	15.2.2	Gibberellins
	15.2.3	Cytokinin
	15.2.4	Ethylene
	15.2.5	Abscisic acid
	15. 3	Photoperiodism
	15. 4	Vernalization

PRACTICAL

 

STANDARD: 11                                                            SUBJECT: BIO-BOTANY
Sl.No	Topic
Preparation and Demonstration of Slides
1	Mitotic cell division stages
2	Anatomical structure – Dicot& Monocot (Root, Stem &Leaf)
3	Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis
Fresh or preserved specimens
4	Phylloclade – Opuntia
5	Special inflorescence – Cyathium
Taxonomy - Flower Dissection
6	Fabaceae – Clitoria ternatea
7	Solanaceae – Datura metal
Bio molecules – Nutrient test
8	Test for reducing sugar-Benedict test
9	Starch – Iodine test
10	Protein –Biuret test
11	Lipid –Saponification test
Plant Physiology Experiments
12	Paper Chromatography
13	Wilmott’s Bubbler
14	Demonstration of production of CO2 during respiration